Solid-injection otto-cycle engine



Mayn, 1930. E R HEWlTT 1,757,246

SOLID INJECTION OTTO CYCLE ENGINE Filed June 28, 1927 v Snom/woz daz/am 2.17am# @5% Awww MLA?! Y Patented May 6, 193i()l EDWARD B. HEWITT, 0F`MDVALE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB -TO `INTE1BHATIOIN'A1'.|

KOTOR COMPANY, 0F NEW YORK,

Y., A- CORPORATION O F DELAWARE' SOLID-INJ' ECTION OTTO-CY CLE ENGINE Application filed June 28,

Internal'combustion enginesv in general use are provided with fuel, usually, by means of a-carbureter which vaporizes the liquid fuel and mixes it in desired proportions with sufficient air to support combustion,- the mixture being conducted to the intake manifold through suitable conduits. During the entire life of this form of fuel supply, no device has been constructed which can vaporize and form a mixture'which is free from particles of liquid fuel or which produces a mixture, every portion of which has a desired uniform air and vapor content.

Recognizing the desirability of reaching, as far as poss1b1e`,the most favorable condition wherein the completely vaporized fuel isv mixed with airtofform a uniform and homogeneous fluid; and realizing that the carbureter, alone, is`unable to forma mixture -of this character at alltimes, the trend of development, in recentv years, lias been with auxiliary devices, such as heaters, agitators, etc. to aid in forminga perfect mixture. Additional designs employ an impactmechanism to exerta sudden and powerful blow upon a fiuid column, an injector constrain-` ing the flow of the column and injecting'the fuel into the combustion space:

yIt .is with this last form of device that the present invention deals, an object beingto utilize an impactmechanism to produce a spray which is carried b the air current to the combustion space to e ignited.

More particularly, an object of the invention is to provide a means for producing an intimate mixture of fuel and air by spraying into the intake air current, a finely atomized amount of fuel periodically to be carried by the air into the combustion space, the paths of the air and fuel being such that the direction of How of one will be reversed by the other, or both be changed, the turbulence resulting from such condition aiding 'mate-l rially in perfecting the mixture.`

Other and further objects will appear as the description proceeds and reference will now be had te the accompanying drawings for a more detailed description of the invention, wherein: i

'Figure 1 is a sectional elevation showing 1927. serial No. 202,058.

one form of the invention, the section being taken on line 1-1 of Figure 2. y

Figure 2 isa sectional View taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1 and looking in the direction ,of the arrows.

Figure 3 is a sectional view of a modified with intake and exhaust ports c and d, respectively, valves econtrolling the flow of gases to and from the engine. A cylinder f'contains the usual pistong and above the iston and in the head is a combustion cham er h'. The combustion chamber h isprovided with the usual spark plug i and above the intake valve is; an injector j of the-impact type, as disclosed in my copending application for Letters Patent, Serial No. 202,061, filed on even date herewith. This injector is centered over the intake valve and is constructed to throw a conical spray of vaportover the intake valve at its edges as shown in dash lines in Figure 2.

The arrows represent the flow of the intake air and it will be apparent that it will tion chamber and flowing into the-cylinder. As the air flows upwardly, it will be met by aconical spray of fuel vapor and the turbulence resulting from the collision of these two currents aids, materially, in forming a uniform mixture. vAs shown the paths of the air and fuel intersect at approximately right angles.-

By reason of introducing the fuel directly at the combustion space, the pipes and fittings do not become traps for the heavy ends of fuel and impurities and the s stem may thus be maintained clean with litt e difliculty. A further and greater advantage of this construction is that the volumetric efficiency is increased since the air can be taken directlyfrom the atmosphere and needs no re-heating. An additional result flowing rom this condition is an increase of power output by reason of relieving the engine ofthe necessity of maintaining the vacuum required to draw ass up and around the valve, filling the 'comliusf path of the gases.

the mixture through the carbureter, the added poweinautput being between ten and fteen percent of the total power available.

In Figure 3, the relation of parts is reversed, the valve being of the overhead type and the injector being positioned below the valve so that its spray is projected into .the

In this case the intersecting paths promote the intimacy of the mixture.

It is apparent that the specific form of the invention may he changed and the parts arranged in a different manner and the invention is not to be limited save'as defined in the appended claims.

lVhat I claim is:

1. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, an intake valve, means to introduce a supply of vair into the cylinder through the valve, and means `centered over the intake valve to exert an impact 0n fuel t0 inject it into the engine, means to direct the fuel in a conical spray over the edges of the valve to strike the upward current of air therethrough, wherehjv an intimate mixture of air and fuel will result.

Q. Method ot' introducing fuel into an in ternal combustion engine comprising exerting an impact force on the fuel, directing the fuel in a conical spray whose perimeter at the air inlet valve approximately coincides therewith, and simultaneously admitting air through said valve.

This specification signed this 16th day of June, A. D. 1927.

EDIVARD R. HEVITT. 

